For CMMI practices, what must an organization have for each Capability Area?

• A. Tools and technologies
• B. Training programs
• C. A defined process
• D. Expert consultants

Answer: (C)

For each Capability Area within the Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI), having a defined process is essential. This is because CMMI emphasizes the systematic implementation of processes to achieve improvement in performance and capability. Each Capability Area focuses on specific practices and goals that require organizations to clearly document and standardize their processes.

A defined process serves as a foundation for consistent execution, measurement, analysis, and continuous improvement. It ensures that all team members understand how to perform their roles effectively while adhering to the organizational goals and compliance requirements. Defining processes helps in establishing a common language and framework across teams, thus facilitating better coordination and integration of efforts toward achieving the organization's quality objectives.

In summary, the necessity of having a defined process allows organizations to follow best practices, make informed decisions, and systematically enhance their capabilities, aligning with CMMI's fundamental principle of process maturity and improvement.